The Effects of Spatial Characteristics and Visual and Smell Environments on the Soundscape of Waterfront Space in Mountainous Cities

The soundscape of waterfront space in mountainous cities (WSMC) can affect people’s physical and mental health. Taking seven WSMCs Chongqing, China, as the study area, this aimed to investigate explore influence spatial characteristics visual smell environments on through a sensewalking approach. results show that evaluations are poor quality, traffic sounds dominant (33%). Among characteristics, position relative road (including vertical horizontal distances) had greater impact than other indicators evaluations. Elevation was positively correlated with A-weighted equivalent sound level (LAeq) negatively comfort degree (SCD). In terms elements, proportions paved ground, pedestrians, buildings negative effects soundscape, while those sky, water, natural terrain positive effects. High environment quality enhance evaluations, although SCD WSMCs. Finally, summarizes recommended values put forward references for design